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How to Identify Conifers - Page 3 of 10
By Ed Strauss, Washington (photos and content)
These two photos (Figures 3 & 4) are of specimens that are also in the Pine Family. They are probably the "spruce type". Figure 3 has resin ducts that touch or almost touch. Figure 4 certainly has a row of resin ducts that is isolated.
Figure 3

Figure 4

More can be learned about a specimen from the tangential view. If the transverse view is end grain then the tangential view is the face grain. It is the view that is looking at wood that has been cut lengthwise parallel to the annual growth rings. This view shows the rays as ellipses with a point on each end. Specimens belonging to Pityoxylon have both transverse and tangential (horizontal and vertical) resin ducts so you can see them in both transverse and tangential views.
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